Systematic Review of Programs Treating High-Need and High-Cost People With Multiple Chronic Diseases or Disabilities in the United States, 2008–2014

This systematic review, which includes 27 studies across five models of care, evaluates the effectiveness of programs to improve care and lower cost for people with multiple chronic conditions or disabilities.

• Two models — care and case management and disease management — showed improvements in one of the key outcome measures.
• Care and case management models showed reductions in cost.
• Disease management models showed improvement in clinical outcomes.